Tomato line FIS 14-2101

ABSTRACT

The invention provides seed and plants of tomato line FIS 14-2101. The invention thus relates to the plants, seeds and tissue cultures of tomato line FIS 14-2101, and to methods for producing a tomato plant produced by crossing such plants with themselves or with another tomato plant, such as a plant of another genotype. The invention further relates to seeds and plants produced by such crossing. The invention further relates to parts of such plants, including the fruit and gametes of such plants.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a divisional of U.S. patent application Ser. No.12/955,804, filed Nov. 29, 2010, now U.S. Pat. No. 8,466,350, issuedJun. 18, 2013, which claims the priority of U.S. Provisional Appl. Ser.No. 61/378,372, filed Aug. 30, 2010, the entire disclosures of which areincorporated herein by reference in their entireties.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to the field of plant breeding and, morespecifically, to the development of tomato hybrid EX01431182 and theinbred tomato lines FIS 14-2100 and FIS 14-2101.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The goal of vegetable breeding is to combine various desirable traits ina single variety/hybrid. Such desirable traits may include any traitdeemed beneficial by a grower and/or consumer, including greater yield,resistance to insects or disease, tolerance to environmental stress, andnutritional value.

Breeding techniques take advantage of a plant's method of pollination.There are two general methods of pollination: a plant self-pollinates ifpollen from one flower is transferred to the same or another flower ofthe same plant or plant variety. A plant cross-pollinates if pollencomes to it from a flower of a different plant variety.

Plants that have been self-pollinated and selected for type over manygenerations become homozygous at almost all gene loci and produce auniform population of true breeding progeny, a homozygous plant. A crossbetween two such homozygous plants of different genotypes produces auniform population of hybrid plants that are heterozygous for many geneloci. Conversely, a cross of two plants each heterozygous at a number ofloci produces a population of hybrid plants that differ genetically andare not uniform. The resulting non-uniformity makes performanceunpredictable.

The development of uniform varieties requires the development ofhomozygous inbred plants, the crossing of these inbred plants, and theevaluation of the crosses. Pedigree breeding and recurrent selection areexamples of breeding methods that have been used to develop inbredplants from breeding populations. Those breeding methods combine thegenetic backgrounds from two or more plants or various other broad-basedsources into breeding pools from which new lines and hybrids derivedtherefrom are developed by selfing and selection of desired phenotypes.The new lines and hybrids are evaluated to determine which of those havecommercial potential.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In one aspect, the present invention provides a tomato plant of thehybrid designated EX01431182, the tomato line FIS 14-2100 or tomato lineFIS 14-2101. Also provided are tomato plants having all thephysiological and morphological characteristics of such a plant. Partsof these tomato plants are also provided, for example, including pollen,an ovule, scion, a rootstock, a fruit, and a cell of the plant.

In another aspect of the invention, a plant of tomato hybrid EX01431182and/or tomato lines FIS 14-2100 and FIS 14-2101 comprising an addedheritable trait is provided. The heritable trait may comprise a geneticlocus that is, for example, a dominant or recessive allele. In oneembodiment of the invention, a plant of tomato hybrid EX01431182 and/ortomato lines FIS 14-2100 and FIS 14-2101 is defined as comprising asingle locus conversion. In specific embodiments of the invention, anadded genetic locus confers one or more traits such as, for example,herbicide tolerance, insect resistance, disease resistance, and modifiedcarbohydrate metabolism. In further embodiments, the trait may beconferred by a naturally occurring gene introduced into the genome of aline by backcrossing, a natural or induced mutation, or a transgeneintroduced through genetic transformation techniques into the plant or aprogenitor of any previous generation thereof. When introduced throughtransformation, a genetic locus may comprise one or more genesintegrated at a single chromosomal location.

The invention also concerns the seed of tomato hybrid EX01431182 and/ortomato lines FIS 14-2100 and FIS 14-2101. The tomato seed of theinvention may be provided as an essentially homogeneous population oftomato seed of tomato hybrid EX01431182 and/or tomato lines FIS 14-2100and FIS 14-2101. Essentially homogeneous populations of seed aregenerally free from substantial numbers of other seed. Therefore, seedof hybrid EX01431182 and/or tomato lines FIS 14-2100 and FIS 14-2101 maybe defined as forming at least about 97% of the total seed, including atleast about 98%, 99% or more of the seed. The seed population may beseparately grown to provide an essentially homogeneous population oftomato plants designated EX01431182 and/or tomato lines FIS 14-2100 andFIS 14-2101.

In yet another aspect of the invention, a tissue culture of regenerablecells of a tomato plant of hybrid EX01431182 and/or tomato lines FIS14-2100 and FIS 14-2101 is provided. The tissue culture will preferablybe capable of regenerating tomato plants capable of expressing all ofthe physiological and morphological characteristics of the startingplant, and of regenerating plants having substantially the same genotypeas the starting plant. Examples of some of the physiological andmorphological characteristics of the hybrid EX01431182 and/or tomatolines FIS 14-2100 and FIS 14-2101 include those traits set forth in thetables herein. The regenerable cells in such tissue cultures may bederived, for example, from embryos, meristems, cotyledons, pollen,leaves, anthers, roots, root tips, pistils, flowers, seed and stalks.Still further, the present invention provides tomato plants regeneratedfrom a tissue culture of the invention, the plants having all thephysiological and morphological characteristics of hybrid EX01431182and/or tomato lines FIS 14-2100 and FIS 14-2101.

In still yet another aspect of the invention, processes are provided forproducing tomato seeds, plants and fruit, which processes generallycomprise crossing a first parent tomato plant with a second parenttomato plant, wherein at least one of the first or second parent tomatoplants is a plant of tomato line FIS 14-2100 or tomato line FIS 14-2101.These processes may be further exemplified as processes for preparinghybrid tomato seed or plants, wherein a first tomato plant is crossedwith a second tomato plant of a different, distinct genotype to providea hybrid that has, as one of its parents, a plant of tomato line FIS14-2100 or tomato line FIS 14-2101. In these processes, crossing willresult in the production of seed. The seed production occurs regardlessof whether the seed is collected or not.

In one embodiment of the invention, the first step in “crossing”comprises planting seeds of a first and second parent tomato plant,often in proximity so that pollination will occur for example, mediatedby insect vectors. Alternatively, pollen can be transferred manually.Where the plant is self-pollinated, pollination may occur without theneed for direct human intervention other than plant cultivation.

A second step may comprise cultivating or growing the seeds of first andsecond parent tomato plants into plants that bear flowers. A third stepmay comprise preventing self-pollination of the plants, such as byemasculating the flowers (i.e., killing or removing the pollen).

A fourth step for a hybrid cross may comprise cross-pollination betweenthe first and second parent tomato plants. Yet another step comprisesharvesting the seeds from at least one of the parent tomato plants. Theharvested seed can be grown to produce a tomato plant or hybrid tomatoplant.

The present invention also provides the tomato seeds and plants producedby a process that comprises crossing a first parent tomato plant with asecond parent tomato plant, wherein at least one of the first or secondparent tomato plants is a plant of tomato hybrid EX01431182 and/ortomato lines FIS 14-2100 and FIS 14-2101. In one embodiment of theinvention, tomato seed and plants produced by the process are firstgeneration (F₁) hybrid tomato seed and plants produced by crossing aplant in accordance with the invention with another, distinct plant. Thepresent invention further contemplates plant parts of such an F₁ hybridtomato plant, and methods of use thereof. Therefore, certain exemplaryembodiments of the invention provide an F₁ hybrid tomato plant and seedthereof.

In still yet another aspect, the present invention provides a method ofproducing a plant derived from hybrid EX01431182 and/or tomato lines FIS14-2100 and FIS 14-2101, the method comprising the steps of: (a)preparing a progeny plant derived from hybrid EX01431182 and/or tomatolines FIS 14-2100 and FIS 14-2101, wherein said preparing comprisescrossing a plant of the hybrid EX01431182 and/or tomato lines FIS14-2100 and FIS 14-2101 with a second plant; and (b) crossing theprogeny plant with itself or a second plant to produce a seed of aprogeny plant of a subsequent generation. In further embodiments, themethod may additionally comprise: (c) growing a progeny plant of asubsequent generation from said seed of a progeny plant of a subsequentgeneration and crossing the progeny plant of a subsequent generationwith itself or a second plant; and repeating the steps for an additional3-10 generations to produce a plant derived from hybrid EX01431182and/or tomato lines FIS 14-2100 and FIS 14-2101. The plant derived fromhybrid EX01431182 and/or tomato lines FIS 14-2100 and FIS 14-2101 may bean inbred line, and the aforementioned repeated crossing steps may bedefined as comprising sufficient inbreeding to produce the inbred line.In the method, it may be desirable to select particular plants resultingfrom step (c) for continued crossing according to steps (b) and (c). Byselecting plants having one or more desirable traits, a plant derivedfrom hybrid EX01431182 and/or tomato lines FIS 14-2100 and FIS 14-2101is obtained which possesses some of the desirable traits of theline/hybrid as well as potentially other selected traits.

In certain embodiments, the present invention provides a method ofproducing food or feed comprising: (a) obtaining a plant of tomatohybrid EX01431182 and/or tomato lines FIS 14-2100 and FIS 14-2101,wherein the plant has been cultivated to maturity, and (b) collectingtomatoes from the plant.

In still yet another aspect of the invention, the genetic complement oftomato hybrid EX01431182 and/or tomato lines FIS 14-2100 and FIS 14-2101is provided. The phrase “genetic complement” is used to refer to theaggregate of nucleotide sequences, the expression of which sequencesdefines the phenotype of, in the present case, a tomato plant, or a cellor tissue of that plant. A genetic complement thus represents thegenetic makeup of a cell, tissue or plant, and a hybrid geneticcomplement represents the genetic make up of a hybrid cell, tissue orplant. The invention thus provides tomato plant cells that have agenetic complement in accordance with the tomato plant cells disclosedherein, and seeds and plants containing such cells.

Plant genetic complements may be assessed by genetic marker profiles,and by the expression of phenotypic traits that are characteristic ofthe expression of the genetic complement, e.g., isozyme typing profiles.It is understood that hybrid EX01431182 and/or tomato lines FIS 14-2100and FIS 14-2101 could be identified by any of the many well knowntechniques such as, for example, Simple Sequence Length Polymorphisms(SSLPs) (Williams et al., 1990), Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNAs(RAPDs), DNA Amplification Fingerprinting (DAF), Sequence CharacterizedAmplified Regions (SCARs), Arbitrary Primed Polymerase Chain Reaction(AP-PCR), Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphisms (AFLPs) (EP 534 858,specifically incorporated herein by reference in its entirety), andSingle Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) (Wang et al., 1998).

In still yet another aspect, the present invention provides hybridgenetic complements, as represented by tomato plant cells, tissues,plants, and seeds, formed by the combination of a haploid geneticcomplement of a tomato plant of the invention with a haploid geneticcomplement of a second tomato plant, preferably, another, distincttomato plant. In another aspect, the present invention provides a tomatoplant regenerated from a tissue culture that comprises a hybrid geneticcomplement of this invention.

Any embodiment discussed herein with respect to one aspect of theinvention applies to other aspects of the invention as well, unlessspecifically noted.

The term “about” is used to indicate that a value includes the standarddeviation of the mean for the device or method being employed todetermine the value. The use of the term “or” in the claims is used tomean “and/or” unless explicitly indicated to refer to alternatives onlyor the alternatives are mutually exclusive. When used in conjunctionwith the word “comprising” or other open language in the claims, thewords “a” and “an” denote “one or more,” unless specifically notedotherwise. The terms “comprise,” “have” and “include” are open-endedlinking verbs. Any forms or tenses of one or more of these verbs, suchas “comprises,” “comprising,” “has,” “having,” “includes” and“including,” are also open-ended. For example, any method that“comprises,” “has” or “includes” one or more steps is not limited topossessing only those one or more steps and also covers other unlistedsteps. Similarly, any plant that “comprises,” “has” or “includes” one ormore traits is not limited to possessing only those one or more traitsand covers other unlisted traits.

Other objects, features and advantages of the present invention willbecome apparent from the following detailed description. It should beunderstood, however, that the detailed description and any specificexamples provided, while indicating specific embodiments of theinvention, are given by way of illustration only, since various changesand modifications within the spirit and scope of the invention willbecome apparent to those skilled in the art from this detaileddescription.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The invention provides methods and compositions relating to plants,seeds and derivatives of tomato hybrid EX01431182, tomato line FIS14-2100 and tomato line FIS 14-2101. The hybrid EX01431182 is producedby the cross of parent lines FIS 14-2100 and FIS 14-2101. The parentlines show uniformity and stability within the limits of environmentalinfluence. By crossing the parent lines, uniform seed hybrid EX01431182can be obtained.

The development of tomato hybrid EX01431182 and its parent lines can besummarized as follows.

A. Origin and Breeding History of Tomato Hybrid EX01431182

The parents of hybrid EX01431182 are FIS 14-2100 and FIS 14-2101. Theseparents were created as follows:

gen- gener- er- YEAR FIS 14-2100 ation F1 HYBRID FIS 14-2101 ation 97 RE1342 F1 J98 1908 F2 J99 1190-04 F3 1 G45 × KADA F1 J99 5851-06 F4 00 BZ0697-03 F2 J00 3282-03 F5 2 00BZ 1604 F3 J00 9182-02 F6 3 J01 2244-01 F4J01 1229-01 F7 J02 3730-03 F5 J02 3083-01 F8 4 B02 5096-01 F6 B024598-02 F9 B03 6287-03 F7 5 B03 8021-01 F8 SVR01431182 B04 1523-01 F9 6C04 9606-01 F10 7 C05 2346-01 F11 C05 2233-01 F10 8 C06 2669-04 F12EX01431182 C06 2671-01 F11 9 10 11 EX01431182

The parent lines are uniform and stable, as is a hybrid therefrom. Asmall percentage of variants can occur within commercially acceptablelimits for almost any characteristic during the course of repeatedmultiplication. However no variants are expected.

B. Physiological and Morphological Characteristics of Tomato Line FIS14-2100 and Tomato Line FIS 14-2101

In accordance with one aspect of the present invention, there isprovided a plant having the physiological and morphologicalcharacteristics of tomato hybrid EX01431182 and the parent linesthereof. A description of the physiological and morphologicalcharacteristics of such plants is presented in Tables 1-3.

TABLE 1 Physiological and Morphological Characteristics of Line FIS14-2100 Comparison CHARACTERISTIC FIS 14-2100 Variety - Loreto 1.Seedling Anthocyanin in hypocotyl of 2-15 cm Present (Montfavet Presentseedling H 63.4) Habit of 3-4 week old seedling Normal Normal 2. MaturePlant Height 99 cm 84 cm Growth type Indeterminate Indeterminate(Marmande VR, Saint-Pierre, San Marzano 2) Form Brachytic Open, lax Sizeof canopy (compared to others of Large Large similar type) HabitSprawling Sprawling (decumbent) 3. Stem Anthocyanin coloration of upperthird Absent or very Absent or very weak weak Indeterminate growth typevarieties: length Medium of internode (between 1^(st) and 4^(th)(Montfavet H 63.5) inflorescence) Branching Sparse (Brehm's ProfuseSolid Red, Fireball) Branching at cotyledon or first leafy node AbsentPresent Number of nodes between first 1 to 4 7 to 10 inflorescenceNumber of nodes between early (1^(st) to 2^(nd), 1 to 4 1 to 4 2^(nd) to3^(rd)) inflorescences Number of nodes between later developing 1 to 4 4to 7 inflorescences Pubescence on younger stems Moderately hairyModerately hairy 4. Leaf Type (mature leaf beneath the 3^(rd) TomatoTomato inflorescence) Morphology (mature leaf beneath the 3rd Bipinnate,small Bipinnate, small inflorescence) leaflets leaflets Margins of majorleaflets (mature leaf Shallowly toothed Shallowly beneath the 3^(rd)inflorescence) or scalloped toothed or scalloped Marginal rolling orwiltiness (mature leaf Absent Absent beneath the 3^(rd) inflorescence)Onset of leaflet rolling (mature leaf beneath Early season Late seasonthe 3^(rd) inflorescence) Surface of major leaflets (mature leaf Rugose(bumpy or Rugose beneath the 3^(rd) inflorescence) veiny) Pubescence(mature leaf beneath the 3^(rd) Hirsute Hirsute inflorescence) Attitude(in middle third of plant) Semi-drooping Semi-drooping (Montfavet H63.5) Length Long (Montfavet H Medium 63.5) Width Medium Medium Divisionof blade Pinnate (Mikado, Pinnate Pilot, Red Jacket) Size of leaflets(in middle of leaf) Small (Tiny Tim) Medium Intensity of green colorDark (Allround, Dark Daniela, Lorena, Red Robin) Glossiness (in middleof leaf) Medium Medium (Marmande VR) Attitude of petiole of leaflet inrelation to Semi-drooping Semi drooping main axis (in middle of leaf)(Montfavet H 63.5) 5. Inflorescence Inflorescence type (2^(nd) and3^(rd) truss) Mainly uniparous Mainly uniparous (Dynamo) Type (3^(rd)inflorescence) Simple Simple Average number of flowers in inflorescence7 5 (3^(rd) inflorescence) Leafy or “running” inflorescence (3^(rd)Absent Occasional inflorescence) 6. Flower Calyx Normal (lobes awlNormal shaped) Calyx-lobes Approximately Shorter than equaling corollanormal Corolla color Yellow Yellow Style pubescence Sparse SparseAnthers All fused into tube All fused into tube Fasciation (1^(st)flower of 2^(nd) or 3^(rd) Absent (Monalbo, Absent inflorescence)Moneymaker) Color Yellow (Marmande Yellow VR) 7. Fruit Typical shape inlongitudinal section (3^(rd) Obovate Ovate fruit of 2^(nd) or 3^(rd)cluster) Shape of transverse/cross section (3^(rd) fruit Round Round of2^(nd) or 3^(rd) cluster) Shape of stem end (3^(rd) fruit of 2^(nd) or3^(rd) Indented Flat cluster) Shape of blossom end (3^(rd) fruit of2^(nd) or 3^(rd) Pointed/tapered Indented to flat cluster) (Europe +i129el, Heinz 1706, Hypeel 244, Roma VF) Size of blossom scar Very small(Cerise, Very small Early Mech, Europeel, Heinz 1706, Peto Gro, RioGrande) Shape of pistil scar (3^(rd) fruit of 2^(nd) or 3^(rd) Dot Dotcluster) Peduncle: abscission layer (3^(rd) fruit of 2^(nd) or PresentPresent 3^(rd) cluster) (pedicellate) (Montfavet H 63.5, Roma) Peduncle:length from abscission layer to Medium (Dario, Short calyx (varietieswith abscission layers) Primosol) Ribbing at peduncle end Weak (EarlyMech, Absent or very Hypeel 244, weak Melody, Peto Gro, Rio Grande)Depression at peduncle end Weak (Futuria, Weak Melody) Size ofstem/peduncle scar Medium Small (Montfavet H 63.4, Montfavet H 63.5,Rutgers) Point of detachment of fruit at harvest (3^(rd) At pediceljoint At calyx fruit of 2^(nd) or 3^(rd) cluster) attachment Length ofdedicel (3^(rd) fruit of 2^(nd) or 3^(rd) 11 mm 13 mm cluster) Length ofmature fruit (stem axis; 3^(rd) fruit of 70 mm 62 mm 2^(nd) or 3^(rd)cluster) Diameter of fruit at widest point (3^(rd) fruit of 43 mm 49 mm2^(nd) or 3^(rd) cluster) Weight of mature fruit (3^(rd) fruit of 2^(nd)or 3^(rd) 75 grams 90 grams cluster) Size Small (Early Mech, MediumEuropeel, Roma) Ratio length/diameter Small (Alicia) Medium CoreCoreless (absent or Coreless smaller than 6 × 6 mm) Number of locules 2or 3 (Alphamech, 2 or 3 Futuria) Surface Smooth Smooth Base color(mature-green stage) Light green (Lanai, Yellow green VF 145-F5) Pattern(mature-green stage) Uniform green Green shouldered Green shoulder(before maturity) Absent (Felicia, Present Rio Grande, Trust) Extent ofgreen shoulder (before maturity) Medium Intensity of green color offruit (before Light (Capello, Medium maturity) Duranto, Trust) Color atmaturity (full-ripe) Red (Ferline, Red Daniela, Montfavet H 63.5) Colorof flesh at maturity (full-ripe) Red/crimson Red crimson (Ferline,Saint- Pierre) Flesh color Uniform Uniform Locular gel color oftable-ripe fruit Red Yellow Firmness Firm (Fernova, Firm Konsul,Tradiro) Shelf life Long (Daniela) Long Time of flowering Late (Manific,Medium Saint-Pierre) Time of maturity Late (Manific, MediumSaint-Pierre) Ripening (blossom-to-stem axis) Uniform Uniform Ripening(peripheral to central radial axis) Uniformity Uniformity Epidermiscolor Yellow Yellow Epidermis type Easy-peel Normal Epidermis textureTender Average Thickness of pericarp Medium (Carmello, Medium Europeel,Floradade, Heinz 1706, Montfavet H 63.5) Sensitivity to silveringInsensitive Insensitive (Marathon, Sano) 8. Chemistry and Composition ofFull-Ripe Fruits pH 4.505 4.325 Titratable acidity, as % citric 0.243520.39936 Total Solids (dry matter, seeds and skin 6.115753 5.868482removed, as % residue on weight, per weight basis) Soluble Solids as°Brix 5.34 5.085 9. Phenology Seeding to once over harvest 126 days 113days Fruiting season Long (Marglobe) Long Relative maturity in areastested Late Early 10. Adaptation Culture Field Field Principle use(s)Fresh market Fresh market Machine harvest Not adapted Not adaptedRegions to which adaptation has been Sacramento and demonstrated UpperSan Joaquin Valley of California *These are typical values. Values mayvary due to environment. Other values that are substantially equivalentare also within the scope of the invention.

TABLE 2 Physiological and Morphological Characteristics of Line FIS14-2101 Comparison CHARACTERISTIC FIS 14-2101 Variety - Loreto 1.Seedling Anthocyanin in hypocotyl of 2-15 cm Present (Montfavet Presentseedling H 63.4) Habit of 3-4 week old seedling Normal Normal 2. MaturePlant Height 114 cm 84 cm Growth type Indeterminate Indeterminate(Marmande VR, Saint-Pierre, San Marzano 2) Form Brachytic Open, lax Sizeof canopy (compared to others of Large Large similar type) HabitSemi-erect Sprawling 3. Stem Anthocyanin coloration of upper third Weak(Monfavet H Absent or very 63.5) weak Indeterminate growth typevarieties: length Long (Berdy of internode (between 1^(st) and 4^(th)Calimero) inflorescence) Branching Sparse (Brehm's Profuse Solid Red,Fireball) Branching at cotyledon or first leafy node Present PresentNumber of nodes between first 7 to 10 7 to 10 inflorescence Number ofnodes between early (1^(st) to 2^(nd), 1 to 4 1 to 4 2^(nd) to 3^(rd))inflorescences Number of nodes between later developing 4 to 7 4 to 7inflorescences Pubescence on younger stems Moderately hairy Moderatelyhairy 4. Leaf Type (mature leaf beneath the 3^(rd) Tomato Tomatoinflorescence) Morphology (mature leaf beneath the 3rd Bipinnate, smallBipinnate, small inflorescence) leaflets leaflets Margins of majorleaflets (mature leaf Deeply toothed or Shallowly beneath the 3^(rd)inflorescence) cut, sps. Toward toothed or base scalloped Marginalrolling or wiltiness (mature leaf Slight Absent beneath the 3^(rd)inflorescence) Onset of leaflet rolling (mature leaf beneath Earlyseason Late season the 3^(rd) inflorescence) Surface of major leaflets(mature leaf Smooth Rugose beneath the 3^(rd) inflorescence) Pubescence(mature leaf beneath the 3^(rd) Normal Hirsute inflorescence) Attitude(in middle third of plant) Semi-erect Semi-drooping (Allround, Drakar,Vitador) Length Medium (Lorena) Medium Width Medium Medium Division ofblade Pinnate (Mikado, Pinnate Pilot, Red Jacket) Size of leaflets (inmiddle of leaf) Medium Medium (Marmande VR, Royesta) Intensity of greencolor Light (Macero II, Dark Poncette, Rossol) Glossiness (in middle ofleaf) Weak (Daniela) Medium Attitude of petiole of leaflet in relationto Semi-erect Semi drooping main axis (in middle of leaf) (Blizzard,Marmande VR) 5. Inflorescence Inflorescence type (2^(nd) and 3^(rd)truss) Mainly multiparous Mainly uniparous (Marmande VR) Type (3^(rd)inflorescence) Simple Simple Average number of flowers in inflorescence6 5 (3^(rd) inflorescence) Leafy or “running” inflorescence (3^(rd)Absent Occasional inflorescence) 6. Flower Calyx Normal (lobes awlNormal shaped) Calyx-lobes Shorter than corolla Shorter than normalCorolla color Yellow Yellow Style pubescence Sparse Sparse Anthers Allfused into tube All fused into tube Fasciation (1^(st) flower of 2^(nd)or 3^(rd) Absent (Monalbo, Absent inflorescence) Moneymaker) ColorYellow (Marmande Yellow VR) 7. Fruit Typical shape in longitudinalsection (3^(rd) Slightly flattened Ovate fruit of 2^(nd) or 3^(rd)cluster) Shape of transverse/cross section (3^(rd) fruit Round Round of2^(nd) or 3^(rd) cluster) Shape of stem end (3^(rd) fruit of 2^(nd) or3^(rd) Indented Flat cluster) Shape of blossom end (3^(rd) fruit of2^(nd) or 3^(rd) Indented to flat Indented to flat cluster) Size ofblossom scar Medium Very small (Alphamech, Apla, Carmello, Floradade)Shape of pistil scar (3^(rd) fruit of 2^(nd) or 3^(rd) Irregular Dotcluster) Peduncle: abscission layer (3^(rd) fruit of 2^(nd) or PresentPresent 3^(rd) cluster) (pedicellate) (Montfavet H 63.5, Roma) Peduncle:length from abscission layer to Short (Cerise, Short calyx (varietieswith abscission layers) Ferline, Montfavet H 63.18, Rossol) Ribbing atpeduncle end Very strong Absent or very (Costeluto weak Fiorentino,Marmande VR) Depression at peduncle end Weak (Futuria, Weak Melody) Sizeof stem/peduncle scar Small (Early Mech, Small Peto Gro, Rio Grande,Roma) Point of detachment of fruit at harvest (3^(rd) At pedicel jointAt calyx fruit of 2^(nd) or 3^(rd) cluster) attachment Length of dedicel(3^(rd) fruit of 2^(nd) or 3^(rd) 15 mm 13 mm cluster) Length of maturefruit (stem axis; 3^(rd) fruit of 70 mm 62 mm 2^(nd) or 3^(rd) cluster)Diameter of fruit at widest point (3^(rd) fruit of 60 mm 49 mm 2^(nd) or3^(rd) cluster) Weight of mature fruit (3^(rd) fruit of 2^(nd) or 3^(rd)165 grams 90 grams cluster) Size Medium Medium (Alphamech, Diego) Ratiolength/diameter Medium (Early Medium Mech, Peto Gro) Core Coreless(absent or Coreless smaller than 6 × 6 mm) Number of locules 4, 5 or 6(Raïssa, 2 or 3 Tradiro) Surface Smooth Smooth Base color (mature-greenstage) Light green (Lanai, Yellow green VF 145-F5) Pattern (mature-greenstage) Green shouldered Green shouldered Green shoulder (beforematurity) Present (Daniela, Present Montfavet H 63.5) Shoulder color ifdifferent from base Dark green Dark green Extent of green shoulder(before maturity) Small (Cristy, Medium Firestone) Intensity of greencolor of shoulder (before Dark (Ayala, Medium maturity) Erlidor, Xenon)Intensity of green color of fruit (before Light (Capello, Mediummaturity) Duranto, Trust) Color at maturity (full-ripe) Yellow (GoldeneRed Königin, Yellow Pear) Color of flesh at maturity (full-ripe) Yellow(Jubilée) Red/crimson Flesh color With lighter and Uniform darker areasin walls Locular gel color of table-ripe fruit Yellow Yellow FirmnessVery firm (Daniela, Firm Karat, Lolek) Shelf life Very long (Ernesto)Long Time of flowering Late (Manific, Medium Saint-Pierre) Time ofmaturity Late (Manific, Medium Saint-Pierre) Ripening (blossom-to-stemaxis) Blossom-to-stem Uniform end Ripening (peripheral to central radialaxis) Outside in Uniformity Epidermis color Colorless Yellow Epidermistype Normal Normal Epidermis texture Tough Average Thickness of pericarpThick (Cal J, Medium Daniela, Ferline, Peto Gro, Rio Grande) Sensitivityto silvering Insensitive Insensitive (Marathon, Sano) 8. Chemistry andComposition of Full-Ripe Fruits pH 4.2 4.325 Titratable acidity, as %citric 0.52416 0.39936 Total Solids (dry matter, seeds and skin 6.8175825.868482 removed, as % residue on weight, per weight basis) SolubleSolids as °Brix 5.61 5.085 9. Phenology Seeding to once over harvest 156days 113 days Fruiting season Long (Marglobe) Long Relative maturity inareas tested Late Early 10. Adaptation Culture Field Field Principleuse(s) Fresh market Fresh market Machine harvest Not adapted Not adaptedRegions to which adaptation has been Sacramento and demonstrated UpperSan Joaquin valley of California *These are typical values. Values mayvary due to environment. Other values that are substantially equivalentare also within the scope of the invention.

TABLE 3 Physiological and Morphological Characteristics of HybridEX01431182 Comparison CHARACTERISTIC EX01431182 Variety - Kindyo 1.Seedling Anthocyanin in hypocotyl of 2-15 cm Present (Montfavet Presentseedling H 63.4) Habit of 3-4 week old seedling Normal Normal 2. MaturePlant Height 95.4 cm 91.06 cm Growth type Indeterminate Indeterminate(Marmande VR, Saint-Pierre, San Marzano 2) Form Brachytic Lax, open Sizeof canopy (compared to others of Large Medium similar type) HabitSprawling Sprawling (decumbent) 3. Stem Anthocyanin coloration of upperthird Absent or very Absent or very weak weak Length of internode(between 1^(st) and 4^(th) Long (Berdy, Medium inflorescence) Calimero)Branching Profuse (UC 82) Sparse Branching at cotyledon or first leafynode Absent Absent Number of nodes between first inflorescence 1 to 4 1to 4 Number of nodes between early (1^(st) to 2^(nd), 1 to 4 1 to 42^(nd) to 3^(rd)) inflorescences Number of nodes between laterdeveloping 4 to 7 4 to 7 inflorescences Pubescence on younger stemsSparsely hairy Densely hairy or (scattered long wooly hairs) 4. LeafType (mature leaf beneath the 3^(rd) Tomato Tomato inflorescence)Morphology (mature leaf beneath the 3^(rd) Bipinnate, small Bipinnate,small inflorescence) leaflets leaflets Margins of major leaflets (matureleaf Shallowly toothed Shallowly beneath the 3^(rd) inflorescence) orscalloped toothed or scalloped Marginal rolling or wiltiness (matureleaf Moderate Slight beneath the 3^(rd) inflorescence) Onset of leafletrolling (mature leaf beneath Early season Mid season the 3^(rd)inflorescence) Surface of major leaflets (mature leaf Smooth Smoothbeneath the 3^(rd) inflorescence) Pubescence (mature leaf beneath the3^(rd) Normal Hirsute inflorescence) Attitude (in middle third of plant)Semi-drooping Semi-erect (Montfavet H 63.5) Length Long (Montfavet HMedium 63.5) Width Medium Medium Division of blade Pinnate (Mikado,Pinnate Pilot, Red Jacket) Size of leaflets (in middle of leaf) Small(Tiny Tim) Large Intensity of green color Medium (Lucy) MediumGlossiness (in middle third of plant) Medium Medium (Marmande VR)Blistering (in middle third of plant) Strong (Delfine, Medium Tiny Tim)Size of blisters (in middle third of plant) Small (Husky Medium CherrieRed) Attitude of petiole of leaflet in relation to Semi-erect Semi-erectmain axis (in middle third of plant) (Blizzard, Marmande VR) 5.Inflorescence Type (2^(nd) and 3^(rd) truss) Mainly uniparousIntermediate (Dynamo) Type (3^(rd) inflorescence) Simple Simple Averagenumber of flowers in inflorescence 6.4 6.6 (3^(rd) inflorescence) Leafyor “running” inflorescence (3^(rd) Absent Occasional inflorescence) 6.Flower Calyx Normal (lobes awl Normal shaped) Calyx-lobes Approx.Equaling Shorter than corolla corolla Corolla color Yellow Yellow Stylepubescence Sparse Sparse Anthers All fused into tube All fused into tubeFasciation (1^(st) flower of 2^(nd) or 3^(rd) Absent (Monalbo, Absentinflorescence) Moneymaker) Color Yellow (Marmande Yellow VR) 7. FruitTypical shape in longitudinal section (3^(rd) Elliptical Circular fruitof 2^(nd) or 3^(rd) cluster) Shape of transverse/cross section (3^(rd)fruit Round Round of 2^(nd) or 3^(rd) cluster) Shape of stem end (3^(rd)fruit of 2^(nd) or 3^(rd) Indented Indented cluster) Shape of blossomend (3^(rd) fruit of 2^(nd) or 3^(rd) Indented to flat Flat to pointed/cluster) nippled Size of blossom scar Small (Montfavet H Small 63.4,Montfavet H 63.5) Shape of pistil scar (3^(rd) fruit of 2^(nd) or 3^(rd)Stellate Dot cluster) Peduncle: abscission layer (3^(rd) fruit of 2^(nd)or Present Present 3^(rd) cluster) (pedicellate) (Montfavet H 63.5,Roma) Peduncle: length (from abscission layer to Medium (Dario, Shortcalyx) Primosol) Ribbing at peduncle end Weak (Early Mech, Weak Hypeel244, Melody, Peto Gro, Rio Grande) Depression at peduncle end Weak(Futuria, Medium Melody) Size of stem/peduncle scar Medium Medium(Montfavet H 63.4, Montfavet H 63.5, Rutgers) Point of detachment offruit at harvest (3^(rd) At calyx attachment At pedicel joint fruit of2^(nd) or 3^(rd) cluster) Length of dedicel (3^(rd) fruit of 2^(nd) or3^(rd) 13.92 mm 11.9 mm cluster) Length of mature fruit (stem axis;3^(rd) fruit of 61.62 mm Check Variety 2^(nd) or 3^(rd) cluster) #2245.38 mm Diameter of fruit at widest point (3^(rd) fruit of 53.66 mmCheck Variety 2^(nd) or 3^(rd) cluster) #22 48.81 mm Weight of maturefruit (3^(rd) fruit of 2^(nd) or 3^(rd) 97 grams Check Variety cluster)#22 86.80 grams Size Medium Medium (Alphamech, Diego) Ratiolength/diameter Medium (Early Medium Mech, Peto Gro) Core Coreless(absent or Coreless smaller than 6 × 6 mm) Number of locules 2 or 3(Alphamech, 2 or 3 Futuria) Surface Slightly rough Smooth Base color(mature-green stage) Light green (Lanai, Apple or VF 145-F5) mediumgreen Pattern (mature-green stage) Green-shouldered Uniform green Greenshoulder (before maturity) Present (Daniela, Absent Montfavet H 63.5)Shoulder color if different from base Grey green Extent of greenshoulder (before maturity) Small (Cristy, Firestone) Intensity of greencolor of shoulder (before Medium maturity) (Montfavet H 63.5) Intensityof green color of fruit (before Medium (Rody) maturity) Color atmaturity (full-ripe) Red (Ferline, Red Daniela, Montfavet H 63.5) Colorof flesh at maturity (full-ripe) Red/crimson Red/crimson (Ferline,Saint-Pierre) Flesh color Uniform Uniform Locular gel color oftable-ripe fruit Red Red Firmness Medium (Cristina) Medium Shelf lifeMedium (Durinta) Short Time of flowering Early (Feria, Early Primabel)Time of maturity Medium Medium (Montfavet H 63.5) Ripening(blossom-to-stem axis) Uniform Uniform Ripening (peripheral to centralradial axis) Uniformity Uniformity Epidermis color Yellow YellowEpidermis type Normal Easy-peel Epidermis texture Average AverageThickness of pericarp Medium (Carmello, Check Variety Europeel, #22Floradade, Heinz medium 1706, Montfavet H 63.5) Dry matter content (atmaturity) Low (Bonset) Low Sensitivity to silvering InsensitiveInsensitive (Marathon, Sano) 10. Chemistry and Composition of Full-ripeFruits pH 4.56 4.38 Titratable acidity, as % citric 0.241 0.357 Totalsolids (dry matter, seeds and skin 5.892496948 5.843598633 removed, as %residue on weight, per weight basis) Soluble solids as °Brix 4.78 4.8711. Phenology Seeding to once over harvest 117 days 117 days Fruitingseason Medium Medium (Westover) Relative maturity in areas tested Mediumearly Medium early 12. Adaptation Culture Field Field Regions to whichadaptation has been Sacramento and demonstrated Upper San Joaquin Valleyof California *These are typical values. Values may vary due toenvironment. Other values that are substantially equivalent are alsowithin the scope of the invention.

C. Breeding Tomato Plants

One aspect of the current invention concerns methods for producing seedof tomato hybrid EX01431182 involving crossing tomato lines FIS 14-2100and FIS 14-2101. Alternatively, in other embodiments of the invention,hybrid EX01431182, line FIS 14-2100, or line FIS 14-2101 may be crossedwith itself or with any second plant. Such methods can be used forpropagation of hybrid EX01431182 and/or the tomato lines FIS 14-2100 andFIS 14-2101, or can be used to produce plants that are derived fromhybrid EX01431182 and/or the tomato lines FIS 14-2100 and FIS 14-2101.Plants derived from hybrid EX01431182 and/or the tomato lines FIS14-2100 and FIS 14-2101 may be used, in certain embodiments, for thedevelopment of new tomato varieties.

The development of new varieties using one or more starting varieties iswell known in the art. In accordance with the invention, novel varietiesmay be created by crossing hybrid EX01431182 followed by multiplegenerations of breeding according to such well known methods. Newvarieties may be created by crossing with any second plant. In selectingsuch a second plant to cross for the purpose of developing novel lines,it may be desired to choose those plants which either themselves exhibitone or more selected desirable characteristics or which exhibit thedesired characteristic(s) when in hybrid combination. Once initialcrosses have been made, inbreeding and selection take place to producenew varieties. For development of a uniform line, often five or moregenerations of selfing and selection are involved.

Uniform lines of new varieties may also be developed by way ofdouble-haploids. This technique allows the creation of true breedinglines without the need for multiple generations of selfing andselection. In this manner true breeding lines can be produced in aslittle as one generation. Haploid embryos may be produced frommicrospores, pollen, anther cultures, or ovary cultures. The haploidembryos may then be doubled autonomously, or by chemical treatments(e.g. colchicine treatment). Alternatively, haploid embryos may be growninto haploid plants and treated to induce chromosome doubling. In eithercase, fertile homozygous plants are obtained. In accordance with theinvention, any of such techniques may be used in connection with a plantof the invention and progeny thereof to achieve a homozygous line.

Backcrossing can also be used to improve an inbred plant. Backcrossingtransfers a specific desirable trait from one inbred or non-inbredsource to an inbred that lacks that trait. This can be accomplished, forexample, by first crossing a superior inbred (A) (recurrent parent) to adonor inbred (non-recurrent parent), which carries the appropriate locusor loci for the trait in question. The progeny of this cross are thenmated back to the superior recurrent parent (A) followed by selection inthe resultant progeny for the desired trait to be transferred from thenon-recurrent parent. After five or more backcross generations withselection for the desired trait, the progeny have the characteristicbeing transferred, but are like the superior parent for most or almostall other loci. The last backcross generation would be selfed to givepure breeding progeny for the trait being transferred.

The plants of the present invention are particularly well suited for thedevelopment of new lines based on the elite nature of the geneticbackground of the plants. In selecting a second plant to cross withEX01431182 and/or tomato lines FIS 14-2100 and FIS 14-2101 for thepurpose of developing novel tomato lines, it will typically be preferredto choose those plants which either themselves exhibit one or moreselected desirable characteristics or which exhibit the desiredcharacteristic(s) when in hybrid combination. Examples of desirabletraits may include, in specific embodiments, high seed yield, high seedgermination, seedling vigor, high fruit yield, disease tolerance orresistance, and adaptability for soil and climate conditions.Consumer-driven traits, such as a fruit shape, color, texture, and tasteare other examples of traits that may be incorporated into new lines oftomato plants developed by this invention.

D. Performance Characteristics

As described above, hybrid EX01431182 exhibits desirable agronomictraits. The performance characteristics of the hybrid were the subjectof an objective analysis of the performance traits relative to othervarieties. The results of the analysis are presented below.

TABLE 4 Performance Characteristics For Tomato Hybrid EX01431182Replicate no. Hybrid name pl/ha kg total kg/pl (calc) 1 EX0143118223,000 119,600 5.2 1 Calima 23,000 78,200 3.4 2 EX01431182 23,000 92,6004.0 2 Calima 23,000 85,525 3.7 3 EX01431182 23,000 46,000 2.0 3 Calima23,000 62,100 2.7

TABLE 5 Performance Characteristics For Tomato Hybrid EX01431182 OverallHybrid name EU Avg H3 + 5 d H3 + 7 d H5 + 5 d H5 + 7 d H7 + 5 d H7 + 7 dEX01431182 101 3.4 2.8 3.4 3.0 3.4 3.9 3.9 Calima 102 4.6 3.6 4.7 3.84.9 5.4 5.4 Scale: 1 = firmest fruit; 9 = softest fruit EU =experimental unit H3 + 5 d = harvest 3 + 5 days (or: 5 days afterharvest 3) H3 + 7 d = harvest 3 + 5 days (or: 7 days after harvest 3)H5 + 5 d = harvest 3 + 5 days (or: 5 days after harvest 5) H5 + 7 d =harvest 3 + 5 days (or: 7 days after harvest 5) H7 + 5 d = harvest 3 + 5days (or: 5 days after harvest 7) H7 + 7 d = harvest 3 + 5 days (or: 7days after harvest 7)

TABLE 6 Performance Characteristics For Tomato Hybrid EX01431182Replicate No. Trt No EU S1avg(gr) S2avg(gr) S3avg(gr) S4avg(gr)S5avg(gr) S6avg(gr) BERavg(gr) CULavg(gr) 1 EX01431182 101 186 121 83 073 0 0 0 1 Calima 102 204 120 65 46 55 0 0 0 2 EX01431182 101 163 137 8639 0 0 0 0 2 Calima 102 159 143 88 36 0 0 0 0 3 EX01431182 101 160 16282 0 60 0 0 0 3 Calima 102 169 117 0 0 84 0 0 0 4 EX01431182 101 178 11491 0 74 0 0 0 4 Calima 102 160 104 75 46 70 0 0 0 5 EX01431182 101 184148 89 43 0 0 0 116 5 Calima 102 193 150 94 38 0 0 0 0 6 EX01431182 101179 128 80 35 0 0 95 111 6 Calima 102 184 131 80 33 0 0 0 89 avg. acrossreplicates EX01431182 175 135 85 Calima 178 128 67 st. dev. acrossreplicates EX01431182 10.8 17.5 4.2 Calima 18.3 17.1 34.2 EUexperimental unit S1avg(gr) average fruit weight of size 1 S2avg(gr)average fruit weight of size 2 S3avg(gr) average fruit weight of size 3S4avg(gr) average fruit weight of size 4 S5avg(gr) average fruit weightof size 5 S6avg(gr) average fruit weight of size 6 BERavg(gr) averagefruit weight of fruits with Blossom End Rot CULavg(gr) average fruitweight of fruits that were non-commercial (rejects)

TABLE 7 Performance Characteristics For Tomato Hybrid EX01431182 Trt NoS1/plt(kg) S2/plt(kg) S3/plt(kg) S4/plt(kg) S5/plt(kg) S6/plt(kg)BER/plt(kg) CUL/plt(kg) EX01431182 0.35 1.36 0.70 0.03 0.54 0.00 0.000.02 Calima 0.32 1.44 0.72 0.05 0.53 0.00 0.00 0.01 avg frt might (gr)S1 S2 S3 EX01431182 175 135 85 Calima 178 128 67 Trt No SAll/plt(kg)StdDev-SAll(kg) harvest(days) StdDev harvest(days) EX01431182 2.98 0.8742.00 12.23 Calima 2.99 0.45 42.00 12.23 S1/plt(kg) total yield perplant, size 1 S2/plt(kg) total yield per plant, size 2 S3/plt(kg) totalyield per plant, size 3 S4/plt(kg) total yield per plant, size 4S5/plt(kg) total yield per plant, size 5 S6/plt(kg) total yield perplant, size 6 BER/plt(kg) total yield per plant, fruits with BERCUL/plt(kg) total yield per plant, fruits rejected SAll/plt(kg) totalyield per plant, size 1 thru 6 StdDev-SAll(kg) standard deviation ofSAll(kg) harvest(days) length of harvest period StdDev harvest(days)standard deviation of harvest(days)

TABLE 8 Performance Characteristics for Tomato Hybrid EX01431182 Trt NoEvent eval(das) % Binc % Bsev Bidn % Vinc % Vsev Vidn EX01431182 H1-45 d55 7 3 PSEUDOMONAS 20%, 30% 0 0 0 XANTHOMONAS EX01431182 H1-10 d 95 11 6PSEUDOMONAS 25%, 35% 0 0 0 XANTHOMONAS EX01431182 Hfinal + 1 d 146 68 34PSEUDOMONAS 50%, 40% 0 0 0 XANTHOMONAS Calima H1-45 d 55 8 3 PSEUDOMONAS20%, 3% 2 1 TYLCV XANTHOMONAS Calima H1-10 d 95 13 6 PSEUDOMONAS 25%,35% 3 2 TYLCV XANTHOMONAS Calima Hfinal + 1 d 146 69 37 PSEUDOMONAS 50%,40% 8 4 TYLCV XANTHOMONAS Trt No % Finc % Fsev Fidn % Dinc % Dsev DidnEX01431182 10 6 ALTERNARIA 0 0 0 EX01431182 31 13 ALTERNARIA 0 0 0EX01431182 86 43 ALTERNARIA 0 0 0 Calima 10 6 ALTERNARIA 0 0 0 Calima 2813 ALTERNARIA 0 0 0 Calima 88 51 ALTERNARIA 0 0 0 Trt No % Pinc % PsevPidn % Ninc % Nsev Nidn EX01431182 15 7 Fruit Borer: Neoleucinodeselegantalis = 40% Y 10% Bemisia tabaci EX01431182 34 11 Fruit Borer:Neoleucinodes elegantalis = 40% Y 10% Bemisia tabaci EX01431182 51 24Fruit Borer: Neoleucinodes elegantalis = 40% Y 10% 0 0 0 Bemisia tabaciCalima 18 10 Fruit Borer: Neoleucinodes elegantalis = 40% Y 10% Bemisiatabaci Calima 37 14 Fruit Borer: Neoleucinodes elegantalis = 40% Y 10%Bemisia tabaci Calima 57 26 Fruit Borer: Neoleucinodes elegantalis = 40%Y 10% 0 0 0 Bemisia tabaci Event H1-45 d: harvest 1-45 days (45 daysbefore harvest 1) H1-10 d: harvest 1-10 days (10 days before harvest 1)Hfinal + 1 d: final harvest + 1 day (1 day after final harvest)eval(das) date of evaluation, expressed as number of days after seeding% BINC Bacterial Incidence: estimated % of plant population affected bybacteria % BSEV Bacterial Severity: estimated % of vegetative massaffected by bacteria % DINC Deficiency Incidence: estimated % of plantpopulation affected by deficiency % DSEV Deficiency Severity: estimated% of vegetative mass affected by deficiency % FINC Fungal Incidence:estimated % of plant population affected by fungus % FSEV FungalSeverity: estimated % of vegetative mass affected by fungus % FZUNIFRUIT: SIZE UNIFORMITY - % of fruit of most similar size % NINC NematodeIncidence: estimated % of plant population with root system affected bynematode % NSEV Nematode Severity: estimated % of root system affectedby nematode % PINC Pest Incidence: estimated % of plant populationaffected by pest (insect damage) % PSEV Pest Severity: estimated % ofvegetative mass affected by pest (insect damage) % VINC ViruslIncidence: estimated % of plant population affected by virus % VSEVVirus Severity: estimated % of vegetative mass affected by virus BIDNBacterial Identification: Name of Bacterial Agent DIDN DeficiencyIdentification: Name of Deficiency FIDN Fungus Identification: Name ofFungus NIDN Nematode Identification: Name of Nematode PIDN PestIdentification: Name of Pest (insect) VIDN Virus Identification: Name ofVirus

E. Further Embodiments of the Invention

In certain aspects of the invention, plants described herein areprovided modified to include at least a first desired heritable trait.Such plants may, in one embodiment, be developed by a plant breedingtechnique called backcrossing, wherein essentially all of themorphological and physiological characteristics of a variety arerecovered in addition to a genetic locus transferred into the plant viathe backcrossing technique. The term single locus converted plant asused herein refers to those tomato plants which are developed by a plantbreeding technique called backcrossing, wherein essentially all of themorphological and physiological characteristics of a variety arerecovered in addition to the single locus transferred into the varietyvia the backcrossing technique. By essentially all of the morphologicaland physiological characteristics, it is meant that the characteristicsof a plant are recovered that are otherwise present when compared in thesame environment, other than an occasional variant trait that mightarise during backcrossing or direct introduction of a transgene.

Backcrossing methods can be used with the present invention to improveor introduce a characteristic into the present variety. The parentaltomato plant which contributes the locus for the desired characteristicis termed the nonrecurrent or donor parent. This terminology refers tothe fact that the nonrecurrent parent is used one time in the backcrossprotocol and therefore does not recur. The parental tomato plant towhich the locus or loci from the nonrecurrent parent are transferred isknown as the recurrent parent as it is used for several rounds in thebackcrossing protocol.

In a typical backcross protocol, the original variety of interest(recurrent parent) is crossed to a second variety (nonrecurrent parent)that carries the single locus of interest to be transferred. Theresulting progeny from this cross are then crossed again to therecurrent parent and the process is repeated until a tomato plant isobtained wherein essentially all of the morphological and physiologicalcharacteristics of the recurrent parent are recovered in the convertedplant, in addition to the single transferred locus from the nonrecurrentparent.

The selection of a suitable recurrent parent is an important step for asuccessful backcrossing procedure. The goal of a backcross protocol isto alter or substitute a single trait or characteristic in the originalvariety. To accomplish this, a single locus of the recurrent variety ismodified or substituted with the desired locus from the nonrecurrentparent, while retaining essentially all of the rest of the desiredgenetic, and therefore the desired physiological and morphologicalconstitution of the original variety. The choice of the particularnonrecurrent parent will depend on the purpose of the backcross; one ofthe major purposes is to add some commercially desirable trait to theplant. The exact backcrossing protocol will depend on the characteristicor trait being altered and the genetic distance between the recurrentand nonrecurrent parents. Although backcrossing methods are simplifiedwhen the characteristic being transferred is a dominant allele, arecessive allele, or an additive allele (between recessive anddominant), may also be transferred. In this instance it may be necessaryto introduce a test of the progeny to determine if the desiredcharacteristic has been successfully transferred.

In one embodiment, progeny tomato plants of a backcross in which a plantdescribed herein is the recurrent parent comprise (i) the desired traitfrom the non-recurrent parent and (ii) all of the physiological andmorphological characteristics of tomato the recurrent parent asdetermined at the 5% significance level when grown in the sameenvironmental conditions.

New varieties can also be developed from more than two parents. Thetechnique, known as modified backcrossing, uses different recurrentparents during the backcrossing. Modified backcrossing may be used toreplace the original recurrent parent with a variety having certain moredesirable characteristics or multiple parents may be used to obtaindifferent desirable characteristics from each.

Many single locus traits have been identified that are not regularlyselected for in the development of a new inbred but that can be improvedby backcrossing techniques. Single locus traits may or may not betransgenic; examples of these traits include, but are not limited to,herbicide resistance, resistance to bacterial, fungal, or viral disease,insect resistance, modified fatty acid or carbohydrate metabolism, andaltered nutritional quality. These comprise genes generally inheritedthrough the nucleus.

Direct selection may be applied where the single locus acts as adominant trait. For this selection process, the progeny of the initialcross are assayed for viral resistance and/or the presence of thecorresponding gene prior to the backcrossing. Selection eliminates anyplants that do not have the desired gene and resistance trait, and onlythose plants that have the trait are used in the subsequent backcross.This process is then repeated for all additional backcross generations.

Selection of tomato plants for breeding is not necessarily dependent onthe phenotype of a plant and instead can be based on geneticinvestigations. For example, one can utilize a suitable genetic markerwhich is closely genetically linked to a trait of interest. One of thesemarkers can be used to identify the presence or absence of a trait inthe offspring of a particular cross, and can be used in selection ofprogeny for continued breeding. This technique is commonly referred toas marker assisted selection. Any other type of genetic marker or otherassay which is able to identify the relative presence or absence of atrait of interest in a plant can also be useful for breeding purposes.Procedures for marker assisted selection are well known in the art. Suchmethods will be of particular utility in the case of recessive traitsand variable phenotypes, or where conventional assays may be moreexpensive, time consuming or otherwise disadvantageous. Types of geneticmarkers which could be used in accordance with the invention include,but are not necessarily limited to, Simple Sequence Length Polymorphisms(SSLPs) (Williams et al., 1990), Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNAs(RAPDs), DNA Amplification Fingerprinting (DAF), Sequence CharacterizedAmplified Regions (SCARs), Arbitrary Primed Polymerase Chain Reaction(AP-PCR), Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphisms (AFLPs) (EP 534 858,specifically incorporated herein by reference in its entirety), andSingle Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) (Wang et al., 1998).

F. Plants Derived by Genetic Engineering

Many useful traits that can be introduced by backcrossing, as well asdirectly into a plant, are those which are introduced by genetictransformation techniques. Genetic transformation may therefore be usedto insert a selected transgene into a plant of the invention or may,alternatively, be used for the preparation of transgenes which can beintroduced by backcrossing. Methods for the transformation of plantsthat are well known to those of skill in the art and applicable to manycrop species include, but are not limited to, electroporation,microprojectile bombardment, Agrobacterium-mediated transformation anddirect DNA uptake by protoplasts.

To effect transformation by electroporation, one may employ eitherfriable tissues, such as a suspension culture of cells or embryogeniccallus or alternatively one may transform immature embryos or otherorganized tissue directly. In this technique, one would partiallydegrade the cell walls of the chosen cells by exposing them topectin-degrading enzymes (pectolyases) or mechanically wound tissues ina controlled manner.

An efficient method for delivering transforming DNA segments to plantcells is microprojectile bombardment. In this method, particles arecoated with nucleic acids and delivered into cells by a propellingforce. Exemplary particles include those comprised of tungsten,platinum, and preferably, gold. For the bombardment, cells in suspensionare concentrated on filters or solid culture medium. Alternatively,immature embryos or other target cells may be arranged on solid culturemedium. The cells to be bombarded are positioned at an appropriatedistance below the macroprojectile stopping plate.

An illustrative embodiment of a method for delivering DNA into plantcells by acceleration is the Biolistics Particle Delivery System, whichcan be used to propel particles coated with DNA or cells through ascreen, such as a stainless steel or Nytex screen, onto a surfacecovered with target cells. The screen disperses the particles so thatthey are not delivered to the recipient cells in large aggregates.Microprojectile bombardment techniques are widely applicable, and may beused to transform virtually any plant species.

Agrobacterium-mediated transfer is another widely applicable system forintroducing gene loci into plant cells. An advantage of the technique isthat DNA can be introduced into whole plant tissues, thereby bypassingthe need for regeneration of an intact plant from a protoplast. ModernAgrobacterium transformation vectors are capable of replication in E.coli as well as Agrobacterium, allowing for convenient manipulations(Klee et al., 1985). Moreover, recent technological advances in vectorsfor Agrobacterium-mediated gene transfer have improved the arrangementof genes and restriction sites in the vectors to facilitate theconstruction of vectors capable of expressing various polypeptide codinggenes. The vectors described have convenient multi-linker regionsflanked by a promoter and a polyadenylation site for direct expressionof inserted polypeptide coding genes. Additionally, Agrobacteriumcontaining both armed and disarmed Ti genes can be used fortransformation.

In those plant strains where Agrobacterium-mediated transformation isefficient, it is the method of choice because of the facile and definednature of the gene locus transfer. The use of Agrobacterium-mediatedplant integrating vectors to introduce DNA into plant cells is wellknown in the art (Fraley et al., 1985; U.S. Pat. No. 5,563,055).

Transformation of plant protoplasts also can be achieved using methodsbased on calcium phosphate precipitation, polyethylene glycol treatment,electroporation, and combinations of these treatments (see, e.g.,Potrykus et al., 1985; Omirulleh et al., 1993; Fromm et al., 1986;Uchimiya et al., 1986; Marcotte et al., 1988). Transformation of plantsand expression of foreign genetic elements is exemplified in Choi et al.(1994), and Ellul et al. (2003).

A number of promoters have utility for plant gene expression for anygene of interest including but not limited to selectable markers,scoreable markers, genes for pest tolerance, disease resistance,nutritional enhancements and any other gene of agronomic interest.Examples of constitutive promoters useful for plant gene expressioninclude, but are not limited to, the cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV)P-35S promoter, which confers constitutive, high-level expression inmost plant tissues (see, e.g., Odel et al., 1985), including in monocots(see, e.g., Dekeyser et al., 1990; Terada and Shimamoto, 1990); atandemly duplicated version of the CaMV 35S promoter, the enhanced 35Spromoter (P-e35S); 1 the nopaline synthase promoter (An et al., 1988);the octopine synthase promoter (Fromm et al., 1989); and the figwortmosaic virus (P-FMV) promoter as described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,378,619and an enhanced version of the FMV promoter (P-eFMV) where the promotersequence of P-FMV is duplicated in tandem; the cauliflower mosaic virus19S promoter; a sugarcane bacilliform virus promoter; a commelina yellowmottle virus promoter; and other plant DNA virus promoters known toexpress in plant cells.

A variety of plant gene promoters that are regulated in response toenvironmental, hormonal, chemical, and/or developmental signals can alsobe used for expression of an operably linked gene in plant cells,including promoters regulated by (1) heat (Callis et al., 1988), (2)light (e.g., pea rbcS-3A promoter, Kuhlemeier et al., 1989; maize rbcSpromoter, Schaffner and Sheen, 1991; or chlorophyll a/b-binding proteinpromoter, Simpson et al., 1985), (3) hormones, such as abscisic acid(Marcotte et al., 1989), (4) wounding (e.g., wunl, Siebertz et al.,1989); or (5) chemicals such as methyl jasmonate, salicylic acid, orSafener. It may also be advantageous to employ organ-specific promoters(e.g., Roshal et al., 1987; Schernthaner et al., 1988; Bustos et al.,1989).

Exemplary nucleic acids which may be introduced to plants of thisinvention include, for example, DNA sequences or genes from anotherspecies, or even genes or sequences which originate with or are presentin the same species, but are incorporated into recipient cells bygenetic engineering methods rather than classical reproduction orbreeding techniques. However, the term “exogenous” is also intended torefer to genes that are not normally present in the cell beingtransformed, or perhaps simply not present in the form, structure, etc.,as found in the transforming DNA segment or gene, or genes which arenormally present and that one desires to express in a manner thatdiffers from the natural expression pattern, e.g., to over-express.Thus, the term “exogenous” gene or DNA is intended to refer to any geneor DNA segment that is introduced into a recipient cell, regardless ofwhether a similar gene may already be present in such a cell. The typeof DNA included in the exogenous DNA can include DNA which is alreadypresent in the plant cell, DNA from another plant, DNA from a differentorganism, or a DNA generated externally, such as a DNA sequencecontaining an antisense message of a gene, or a DNA sequence encoding asynthetic or modified version of a gene.

Many hundreds if not thousands of different genes are known and couldpotentially be introduced into a tomato plant according to theinvention. Non-limiting examples of particular genes and correspondingphenotypes one may choose to introduce into a tomato plant include oneor more genes for insect tolerance, such as a Bacillus thuringiensis(B.t.) gene, pest tolerance such as genes for fungal disease control,herbicide tolerance such as genes conferring glyphosate tolerance, andgenes for quality improvements such as yield, nutritional enhancements,environmental or stress tolerances, or any desirable changes in plantphysiology, growth, development, morphology or plant product(s). Forexample, structural genes would include any gene that confers insecttolerance including but not limited to a Bacillus insect control proteingene as described in WO 99/31248, herein incorporated by reference inits entirety, U.S. Pat. No. 5,689,052, herein incorporated by referencein its entirety, U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,500,365 and 5,880,275, hereinincorporated by reference in their entirety. In another embodiment, thestructural gene can confer tolerance to the herbicide glyphosate asconferred by genes including, but not limited to Agrobacterium strainCP4 glyphosate resistant EPSPS gene (aroA:CP4) as described in U.S. Pat.No. 5,633,435, herein incorporated by reference in its entirety, orglyphosate oxidoreductase gene (GOX) as described in U.S. Pat. No.5,463,175, herein incorporated by reference in its entirety.

Alternatively, the DNA coding sequences can affect these phenotypes byencoding a non-translatable RNA molecule that causes the targetedinhibition of expression of an endogenous gene, for example viaantisense- or cosuppression-mediated mechanisms (see, for example, Birdet al., 1991). The RNA could also be a catalytic RNA molecule (i.e., aribozyme) engineered to cleave a desired endogenous mRNA product (seefor example, Gibson and Shillito, 1997). Thus, any gene which produces aprotein or mRNA which expresses a phenotype or morphology change ofinterest is useful for the practice of the present invention.

G. Definitions

In the description and tables herein, a number of terms are used. Inorder to provide a clear and consistent understanding of thespecification and claims, the following definitions are provided:

Allele: Any of one or more alternative forms of a gene locus, all ofwhich alleles relate to one trait or characteristic. In a diploid cellor organism, the two alleles of a given gene occupy corresponding locion a pair of homologous chromosomes.

Backcrossing: A process in which a breeder repeatedly crosses hybridprogeny, for example a first generation hybrid (F₁), back to one of theparents of the hybrid progeny. Backcrossing can be used to introduce oneor more single locus conversions from one genetic background intoanother.

Crossing: The mating of two parent plants.

Cross-pollination: Fertilization by the union of two gametes fromdifferent plants.

Diploid: A cell or organism having two sets of chromosomes.

Emasculate: The removal of plant male sex organs or the inactivation ofthe organs with a cytoplasmic or nuclear genetic factor or a chemicalagent conferring male sterility.

Enzymes: Molecules which can act as catalysts in biological reactions.

F₁ Hybrid: The first generation progeny of the cross of two nonisogenicplants.

Genotype: The genetic constitution of a cell or organism.

Haploid: A cell or organism having one set of the two sets ofchromosomes in a diploid.

Linkage: A phenomenon wherein alleles on the same chromosome tend tosegregate together more often than expected by chance if theirtransmission was independent.

Marker: A readily detectable phenotype, preferably inherited incodominant fashion (both alleles at a locus in a diploid heterozygoteare readily detectable), with no environmental variance component, i.e.,heritability of 1.

Phenotype: The detectable characteristics of a cell or organism, whichcharacteristics are the manifestation of gene expression.

Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL): Quantitative trait loci (QTL) refer togenetic loci that control to some degree numerically representabletraits that are usually continuously distributed.

Resistance: As used herein, the terms “resistance” and “tolerance” areused interchangeably to describe plants that show no symptoms to aspecified biotic pest, pathogen, abiotic influence or environmentalcondition. These terms are also used to describe plants showing somesymptoms but that are still able to produce marketable product with anacceptable yield. Some plants that are referred to as resistant ortolerant are only so in the sense that they may still produce a crop,even though the plants are stunted and the yield is reduced.

Regeneration: The development of a plant from tissue culture.

Royal Horticultural Society (RHS) color chart value: The RHS color chartis a standardized reference which allows accurate identification of anycolor. A color's designation on the chart describes its hue, brightnessand saturation. A color is precisely named by the RHS color chart byidentifying the group name, sheet number and letter, e.g., Yellow-OrangeGroup 19A or Red Group 41B.

Self-pollination: The transfer of pollen from the anther to the stigmaof the same plant.

Single Locus Converted (Conversion) Plant: Plants which are developed bya plant breeding technique called backcrossing, wherein essentially allof the morphological and physiological characteristics of a tomatovariety are recovered in addition to the characteristics of the singlelocus transferred into the variety via the backcrossing technique and/orby genetic transformation.

Substantially Equivalent: A characteristic that, when compared, does notshow a statistically significant difference (e.g., p=0.05) from themean.

Tissue Culture: A composition comprising isolated cells of the same or adifferent type or a collection of such cells organized into parts of aplant.

Transgene: A genetic locus comprising a sequence which has beenintroduced into the genome of a tomato plant by transformation.

H. Deposit Information

A deposit of tomato hybrid EX01431182 and inbred parent lines FIS14-2100 and FIS 14-2101, disclosed above and recited in the claims, hasbeen made with the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC), 10801University Blvd., Manassas, Va. 20110-2209. The dates of deposit wereFeb. 25, 2010, Jan. 26, 2010, and Jan. 26, 2010, respectively. Theaccession numbers for those deposited seeds of tomato hybrid EX01431182and inbred parent lines FIS 14-2100 and FIS 14-2101 are ATCC AccessionNo. PTA-10688, ATCC Accession No. PTA-10604, and ATCC Accession No.PTA-10605, respectively. Upon issuance of a patent, all restrictionsupon the deposits will be removed, and the deposits are intended to meetall of the requirements of 37 C.F.R. §1.801-1.809. The deposits will bemaintained in the depository for a period of 30 years, or 5 years afterthe last request, or for the effective life of the patent, whichever islonger, and will be replaced if necessary during that period.

Although the foregoing invention has been described in some detail byway of illustration and example for purposes of clarity andunderstanding, it will be obvious that certain changes and modificationsmay be practiced within the scope of the invention, as limited only bythe scope of the appended claims.

All references cited herein are hereby expressly incorporated herein byreference.

REFERENCES

The following references, to the extent that they provide exemplaryprocedural or other details supplementary to those set forth herein, arespecifically incorporated herein by reference:

-   U.S. Pat. No. 5,378,619-   U.S. Pat. No. 5,463,175-   U.S. Pat. No. 5,500,365-   U.S. Pat. No. 5,563,055-   U.S. Pat. No. 5,633,435-   U.S. Pat. No. 5,689,052-   U.S. Pat. No. 5,880,275-   An et al., Plant Physiol., 88:547, 1988.-   Bird et al., Biotech. Gen. Engin. Rev., 9:207, 1991.-   Bustos et al., Plant Cell, 1:839, 1989.-   Callis et al., Plant Physiol., 88:965, 1988.-   Choi et al., Plant Cell Rep., 13: 344-348, 1994.-   Dekeyser et al., Plant Cell, 2:591, 1990.-   Ellul et al., Theor. Appl. Genet., 107:462-469, 2003.-   EP 534 858-   Fraley et al., Bio/Technology, 3:629-635, 1985.-   Fromm et al., Nature, 312:791-793, 1986.-   Fromm et al., Plant Cell, 1:977, 1989.-   Gibson and Shillito, Mol. Biotech., 7:125, 1997-   Klee et al., Bio-Technology, 3(7):637-642, 1985.-   Kuhlemeier et al., Plant Cell, 1:471, 1989.-   Marcotte et al., Nature, 335:454, 1988.-   Marcotte et al., Plant Cell, 1:969, 1989.-   Odel et al., Nature, 313:810, 1985.-   Omirulleh et al., Plant Mol. Biol., 21(3):415-428, 1993.-   Potrykus et al., Mol. Gen. Genet., 199:183-188, 1985.-   Roshal et al., EMBO J., 6:1155, 1987.-   Schaffner and Sheen, Plant Cell, 3:997, 1991.-   Schernthaner et al., EMBO J., 7:1249, 1988.-   Siebertz et al., Plant Cell, 1:961, 1989.-   Simpson et al., EMBO J., 4:2723, 1985.-   Terada and Shimamoto, Mol. Gen. Genet., 220:389, 1990.-   Uchimiya et al., Mol. Gen. Genet., 204:204, 1986.-   Wang et al., Science, 280:1077-1082, 1998.-   Williams et al., Nucleic Acids Res., 1 8:6531-6535, 1990.-   WO 99/31248

What is claimed is:
 1. A tomato plant comprising at least a first set ofthe chromosomes of tomato line FIS 14-2101, a sample of seed of saidline having been deposited under ATCC Accession No. PTA-10605.
 2. A seedcomprising at least a first set of the chromosomes of tomato line FIS14-2101, a sample of seed of said line having been deposited under ATCCAccession No. PTA-10605.
 3. The plant of claim 1, which is inbred. 4.The plant of claim 1, which is hybrid.
 5. The seed of claim 2, whereinthe seed produces an inbred plant of line FIS 14-2101.
 6. A plant partof the plant of claim
 1. 7. The plant part of claim 6, further definedas a leaf, an ovule, pollen, a fruit, or a cell.
 8. A tomato planthaving all the physiological and morphological characteristics of thetomato plant of claim
 3. 9. A tissue culture of regenerable cells of theplant of claim
 1. 10. The tissue culture according to claim 9,comprising cells or protoplasts from a plant part selected from thegroup consisting of embryos, meristems, cotyledons, pollen, leaves,anthers, roots, root tips, pistil, flower, seed and stalks.
 11. A tomatoplant regenerated from the tissue culture of claim 10, wherein saidplant has all the physiological and morphological characteristics oftomato line FIS 14-2101, a sample of seed of said line having beendeposited under ATCC Accession Number PTA-10605.
 12. A method ofvegetatively propagating the plant of claim 1 comprising the steps of:(a) collecting tissue capable of being propagated from the plantaccording to claim 1; (b) cultivating said tissue to obtain proliferatedshoots; and (c) rooting said proliferated shoots to obtain rootedplantlets.
 13. The method of claim 12, further comprising growing atleast a first plant from said rooted plantlets.
 14. A method ofintroducing a desired trait into a tomato line comprising: (a) crossinga plant of line FIS 14-2101 with a second tomato plant that comprises adesired trait to produce F1 progeny, a sample of seed of said linehaving been deposited under ATCC Accession No. PTA-10605; (b) selectingan F1 progeny that comprises the desired trait; (c) backcrossing theselected F1 progeny with a plant of line FIS 14-2101 to producebackcross progeny; (d) selecting backcross progeny comprising thedesired trait and the physiological and morphological characteristics oftomato line FIS 14-2101; and (e) repeating steps (c) and (d) three ormore times to produce selected fourth or higher backcross progeny thatcomprises the desired trait and the physiological and morphologicalcharacteristics of tomato line FIS 14-2101.
 15. A tomato plant producedby the method of claim 14, wherein said plant comprises the desiredtrait and essentially all of the morphological and physiologicalcharacteristics of tomato line FIS 14-2101.
 16. A method of producing aplant comprising an added trait, the method comprising introducing atransgene conferring the trait into a plant of line FIS 14-2101, asample of seed of said line having been deposited under ATCC AccessionNo. PTA-10605.
 17. A plant produced by the method of claim
 16. 18. Theplant of claim 1, further comprising a transgene.
 19. The plant of claim18, wherein the transgene confers a trait selected from the groupconsisting of male sterility, herbicide tolerance, insect resistance,pest resistance, disease resistance, modified fatty acid metabolism,environmental stress tolerance, modified carbohydrate metabolism andmodified protein metabolism.
 20. A plant of tomato line FIS 14-2101, asample of seed of said line having been deposited under ATCC AccessionNumber PTA-10605, the plant further comprising a single locusconversion, wherein the conversion was introduced into said line bytransformation or backcrossing.
 21. The plant of claim 20, wherein thesingle locus conversion confers a trait selected from the groupconsisting of male sterility, herbicide tolerance, insect resistance,pest resistance, disease resistance, modified fatty acid metabolism,environmental stress tolerance, modified carbohydrate metabolism andmodified protein metabolism.
 22. A method for producing a seed of aplant derived from line FIS 14-2101 comprising the steps of: (a)crossing a tomato plant of line FIS 14-2101 with itself or a secondtomato plant; a sample of seed of said line having been deposited underATCC Accession No. PTA-10605; and (b) allowing seed of a line FIS14-2101-derived tomato plant to form.
 23. The method of claim 22,further comprising the steps of: (c) selfing a plant grown from said FIS14-2101-derived tomato seed to yield additional line FIS 14-2101-derivedtomato seed; (d) growing said additional line FIS 14-2101-derived tomatoseed of step (c) to yield additional line FIS 14-2101-derived tomatoplants; and (e) repeating the selfing and growing steps of (c) and (d)to generate at least a first further line FIS 14-2101-derived tomatoplant.
 24. The method of claim 22, wherein the second tomato plant is ofan inbred tomato line.
 25. The method of claim 23, further comprising:(f) crossing the further FIS 14-2101-derived tomato plant with adifferent tomato plant to produce seed of a hybrid progeny plant.
 26. Amethod of producing a tomato seed comprising crossing the plant of claim1 with itself or a second tomato plant and allowing seed to form.
 27. Amethod of producing a tomato fruit comprising: (a) obtaining the plantaccording to claim 1, wherein the plant has been cultivated to maturity;and (b) collecting a tomato from the plant.